OBJECTIVE: The study is done to determine depressive symptom incidence and related factors between primary education students.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study is conducted with 435 students in a primary education school which is located in Kars city center. Students between ages 8-13 are included to the study. The data is obtained with general informations form, Depression Inventory for Children and with method of questionnaire under observation. Chi-square test and Fisher exact test are used when comparing the data.
RESULTS: It is found out that the average of the ages of students participated the research is 9.96±0.89 (8-13), point average of depression scale is 9.68±4.84 (0-54), and in % 6.9 of students (n=30) point of depression scale is 19 or more. It is also determined that depression points of students with health problems, students with bad academic standings and students who do not pass privately time with parents, are higher (p<0.05); gender, place of birth, place of sitting in class, to have or not to have someone who helps for lectures, interest and pleasure to social activities apart from lectures do not effect depression point (p>0.05).
CONCLUSION: When taken into consideration that situation of passing time with parents and academical standing is effective on depressive symptom appearing, it is extremely important to inform the families on supporting children and performing positive approach. Since teachers are people who mostly pass time with children except their families; they must have information on childhood depression to detect this problem in early period. Apart from that, it may be important to give place to studies aiming to detect depressive symptoms in school medical screening, by increasing awakeness of health personel as a part of school health services.

OBJECTIVE: In this study about the determine resilience and influencing factors nursing students in Faculty of Health Sciences.
METHODS: The population of study comprised of 555 students. The sample group comprised of 437 nursing students who accepted to participate voluntarily. The data were collected by means of “Questionnaire Form, Resilience Scale for Adults and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support”. Percentage distribution, Spearman Correlation analysis, Kruskal-Wallis ve Mann-Whitney U were used to evaluate the data.
RESULTS: The results show that there was a significant differance between the means of resilience based on the gender of students, geographic regions in which they live, economic status and educational status of their fathers (p<0.05). There was a significant inverse relationship between the resilience and perceived social support. Results concluded that the resilience of students decreased together with the increase in social support(p=0.000).
CONCLUSION: As a result of the research it has been seen that there is a meaningful positive relationship between resilience and perceived social support. Variables such as gender of students, geographic regions in which they live, economic status, educational status of their fathers and perceived social support affect on the averages of students’ resilience scores.

Purpose: This research has been performed in order to test the validity and reliability of Turkish form of three scales developed for determining the type and degree of stress perceived by the nursing undergraduates during clinical practices, their bio-psycho-social responses against stress and their behaviors for overcoming stress.
Method: Students of nursing undergraduate program have composed the sample of methodological type research. After the adaptation of perceived stress scale, bio-psycho-social response and coping behaviours of stress scales for nursing students to Turkish language, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis has been used for validity, and consistency analysis has been used for reliability.
Findings: As the result of analysis, the Kaiser- Meyer-Olkin values of the perceived stress scale, bio-psycho-social response and coping behaviours of stress scales have been determined as 0.94, 0.93, 0.87 respectively. For perceived stress scale, bio-psycho-social response and coping behaviours of stress scales, it has been observed that the chi-square value obtained as per the result of Barlett test was meaningful. While Cronbach’s Alpha reliability coefficients of the perceived stress scale, bio-psycho-social response had values in between 0.67 – 0.93, the Cronbach’s Alpha coefficients of the two sub dimensions of the Scale Regarding Behavior for Overcoming Stress have been found as (0.04 – 0.40).
Result: Perceived stress scale, bio-psycho-social response and coping behaviours of stress scales which are adapted to Turkish are valid and reliable tools which may be used to determine the stress encountered by nursing undergraduate students during clinical practices, their response against stress and how they overcome it. It is suggested to be used on different samples and in studies intended to determine the stress encountered by nursing students.

Objective: in order to examine faculty members’ attitudes and behaviors about mental illnesses and patients.

Method: The research universe included a total of 435 academicians of four-year faculties of Mersin University during 2010-2011 academic year while the research sample consisted of a total of 284 faculty members who were agreed to participate in the study. Research data were collected through the Opinions about Mental Illness Scale-OMI and a 21-item personal information form for faculty members. The obtained data were then analyzed by using the MedCalc®v Shapiro Wilks test, Student’s t test, analysis of variance and Tukey tests.
Results: The study found that 68.7% of the faculty members in the study were in the 35-50 age group, 56.7% were male, 93.7% had lived in an urban area for the longest time, and 54.3% had been employed for 10-20 years. Those faculty members who had friends or relatives with a mental illness demonstrated a protective and humane approach towards mental patients. In comparison with the female respondents, a higher proportion of the male faculty members believed that mental illnesses stem from lack of love and concern due to poor relationships between parents and children especially in childhood. Also, 31% of the respondents thought that individuals with mental disorders were aggressive and 84.2 % of them believed that traumatic events were the main reasons of mental illnesses.
Conclusion: As a result, this study concluded that faculty members needed to be informed about mental illnesses.

Key words: Mental illness, opinions, attitude, nursing

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate physical, social, emotional and economical affection of family members caring cancer patients and socio-demographic characteristics of family caregiver and the relationship between these features and caregiver burden.
Methods: Study population includes 273 primary family caregivers of cancer patients receiving inpatient treatment at Samsun Mehmet Aydýn Training and Research Hospital, Radiation Oncology Service between 02 January 2011 and 02 March 2011. Minimum sample size was calculated by using Win Episcope 2.0 program (n=160). Primary caregivers of cancer patients receiving treatment in radiation oncology service between the dates specified above and caregivers who do not have any exclusion criteria and caregivers who accept to participate in the study (n=195) were included in the study. A questionnaire including information about the patients and ‘‘Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale’’ was used to obtain data.
Results: The mean score of Caregiver Burden Scale of the caregivers participated in the study was 39.02±18.44 (14-88). It was revealed that educational level of the caregivers participated in the study (p<0.01), duration of caregiving (p<0.001), patient’s gender (p<0.05), going to the toilet unassisted (p<0.001) and control of excreta (p<0.001) have influence on caregiving burden (psychological distress, physical health problems, economic and social problems). Study results also revealed that the ralationship between patient and caregiver age and caregiving burden is not significant and caregiver gender and marital status did not have any influence on caregiving burden (p>0.05).
Conclusion: It is recommended that nurses should raise awareness about difficulties that family members of cancer patients may experience and nurses should not ignore their problems.

Adherence is an important problem in mental disorders and psychiatric nurses use different programmes to increase adherence among patients with mental disorders. The one of the these programs is "Adherence Therapy". The purpose of this review is to explain the feature and intervention method, the one of programmes which is using for increasing adherence, Adherence Therapy among mental disorders. Adherence Therapy, is based on cognitive behavioural approach, cooperative, patient-centered programme which is applied one to one. This programme is applied to inpatients and outpatients with non adherence. It is thought for Adherence Therapy, is structured programme, that to guide in interventions of psychiatric nurses in our country.

Health is a service that offers a basic human right and property. Protection of right to health and providing an available, equal, sufficient and qualified health service are Professional and ethic responsibilities of health professionals. Recently, progresses on medicine, science and technology fields in our country and in the world causing occurrence of some problems on “values”, increase importance of ethics in health field gradually. The concept of ethics in health services; which includes principles like beneficence, fidelity, utility, autonomy, non-maleficence is a field where problems of “values” appearing during medical applications are approached and adopted, conflicts are discussed and clarified, solutions are tried to be found. Apart from medical ethics, it is more important in psychiatry and psychiatric nursing to determine ethical principles and putting them into practice because of the difference between patient groups worked with. While presenting psychiatric nursing services, patient is sometimes in a situation rejecting treatment, and sometimes he/she is in a situation meeting some situations with obeying even if it can effect him/her negatively and accepting without judgment. Because of these characteristics of psychiatric patients, they may be exposed to abuse and neglect. And that brings a new dimension to determining and performing ethical principles in psychiatric nursing. But it does not seem to be possible only with creating ethical principles. Because ethic codes and rules are a part of field-specific nursing standards. Therefore, it is more suitable to create ethic codes and rules together with ethical standards. Due to these reasons, in this article, the concept of ethics, its historical process, ethical dilemmas experienced in decision-making part, ethical principles coming into play in decision-making process for patient and his/her family, theories and codes, and specific psychiatric nursing codes and standards will be discussed.