J Psy Nurs. 2020; 11(3): 195-200 | DOI: 10.14744/phd.2020.99710

Investigating psychological distress level and its association with demographic characteristics in nurses

Fatemeh Hatef¹, Azam Maleki², Korosh Amini³, Esmail Khodadadi^3
1Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Nursing and Midwifery School, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
²Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
³Iranian Social Security Organization, Urmia, Iran

INTRODUCTION: Nursing is a highly stressful profession due to the long hours, workload, and extreme physical and psychological demands it places on individuals and their families. Research has shown that nurses, as compared to physicians, experience less social support and job security, and that their roles are not socially recognized. This study aimed to identify the level of distress by demographic characteristics of Iranian nurses working at various hospitals in Zanjan, Iran in 2019.
METHODS: This descriptive correlational study targeted 264 nurses working at various hospitals in Zanjan, Iran in 2019. The random cluster sampling method was used for sample selection, and for data collection, a demographic and social characteristics form and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used. Data were analyzed with SPSS statistical software (version 21), which was used to perform student's t-test and ANOVA.
RESULTS: The results from calculation of the nurses’ mean score indicated that their psychological distress was at a moderate level (25.15±8.77). Gender, marital status and type of employment significantly corresponded with the nurses’ levels of psychological distress (p<0.05). Furthermore, there was a significant negative relationship between age and work experience with psychological distress among the nurses (p<0.05).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The findings derived from this study indicate that a majority of the nurses had some degree of psychological distress, which negatively affected the quality of health care they provided. Thus, appropriate steps, like in-service training for stress management, should be taken to ensure the psychological and physical health of Iranian nurses.

Keywords: Demographic characteristics, nurses; occupational profile; psychological distress.

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Hemþirelerde psikolojik sýkýntý düzeyinin ve demografik özellikler ile iliþkisinin araþtýrýlmasý

Fatemeh Hatef¹, Azam Maleki², Korosh Amini³, Esmail Khodadadi^3
1Medikal Cerrahi Hemþireliði, Hemþirelik ve Ebelik Okulu, Zanjan Týp Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Zanjan, Ýran
²Saðlýk Araþtýrma Merkezinin Sosyal Belirleyicileri, Zanjan Týp Bilimleri Üniversitesi, Zanjan, Ýran
³Ýran Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu, Urmiye, Ýran

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: Hemþirelik, uzun saatler, iþ yükü, bireyler ve aileleri üzerindeki aþýrý fiziksel ve psikolojik talepler nedeniyle oldukça stresli bir meslektir. Araþtýrmalar, hemþirelerin, hekimlerin ve hemþirelerin rolüne kýyasla daha az sosyal destek ve iþ güvenliði yaþadýklarýnýn sosyal olarak tanýnmadýðýný göstermiþtir. Bu çalýþmada, 2019 yýlýnda Ýran'ýn Zanjan kentinde çeþitli hastanelerde çalýþan Ýranlý hemþirelerin demografik özelliklerine göre sýkýntý düzeyinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmýþtýr.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Bu araþtýrma, 2019 yýlýnda Ýran'ýn Zanjan hastanelerinde çalýþan 264 hemþire üzerinde yapýlan tanýmlayýcý bir korelasyon çalýþmasýdýr. Örnekler çalýþmaya rastgele küme örnekleme yöntemi kullanýlarak girilmiþtir. Veri toplama araçlarý mesleki-demografik ve Kessler Psikolojik Sýkýntý Ölçeði anketlerini içermektedir. Toplanan veriler SPSS istatistik yazýlýmý (versiyon 21), t-testi ve ANOVA kullanýlarak analiz edilmiþtir.
BULGULAR: Sonuçlar, hemþirelerin psikolojik sorunlarýnýn ortalama puanlarýnýn ortalama düzeyde olduðunu göstermiþtir (25.15 ± 8.77). Hemþirelerin psikolojik sýkýntýsý ile cinsiyet, medeni durum ve istihdam türü arasýndaki iliþki anlamlýydir (P<0.05). Hemþirelerin psikolojik sýkýntýsý ile yaþ ve iþ tecrübesi arasýnda da ters bir iliþki vardýr. (P<0.05).
TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Bu çalýþmanýn bulgularý hemþirelerin çoðunun, bakým ve saðlýk saðlama kalitesini olumsuz yönde etkileyebilecek bir dereceye kadar psikolojik sýkýntý yaþadýðýný göstermektedir. Dolayýsýyla, stres yönetimi için hizmet içi eðitim yoluyla Ýranlý hemþirelerin psikolojik ve fiziksel saðlýðýnýn saðlanmasý için uygun adýmlar atýlmalýdýr.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Psikolojik sýkýntý, demografik özellikler, iþ profili, hemþireler.

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