Journal of Psychiatric Nursing - J Psy Nurs: 16 (4)
Volume: 16  Issue: 4 - 2025
EDITORIAL
1. Editorial
Meral Kelleci
Pages I - II

RESEARCH ARTICLE
2. Clinical practice of psychiatric nursing from the perspective of senior nursing students: A qualitative study
Dilara Sert Kasım, Seda Er, Tülay Demiray, Leyla Küçük
doi: 10.14744/phd.2025.92603  Pages 283 - 291
INTRODUCTION: This study aims to explore senior nursing students' feelings, thoughts, and experiences regarding the clinical practice of the psychiatric nursing course.
METHODS: A phenomenological approach was used in the research carried out in a qualitative design. The research sample consisted of 15 students who took a mental health and psychiatric nursing course at a private university and performed their clinical practice in a mental health and diseases training and research hospital. The data were collected using a semi-structured interview form and focus group interview method at the end of the fall semester, and the grades were finalized. The data analysis was carried out based on the content analysis method developed by Lundman and Graneheim. The COREQ checklist was followed during the reporting of the qualitative research.
RESULTS: Two main themes were identified in the research: (1) Conditions Specific to the Psychiatry Clinic: Characteristics that Distinguish It from Other Clinical Practices, and (2) Transition from Theory to Practice: Growth as a Nurse and as a Person.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Students experience stress and fear during clinical practice due to their prejudices against individuals with mental disorders and the physical characteristics of the clinical environment they have entered. To reduce the stress experienced by students in clinical practice and achieve clinical practice learning goals, it is recommended to conduct stakeholder studies involving students and clinical psychiatric nurses by the lecturers of the course.

3. Validity and reliability of the abbreviated technology anxiety scale in Turkish: A cultural adaptation study on nursing students
Sercan Mansuroğlu, Seda Tek Sevindik
doi: 10.14744/phd.2025.84665  Pages 292 - 301
INTRODUCTION: The integration of technology into healthcare has accelerated, encompassing all healthcare services worldwide. If anxiety toward technology can be identified during the student period and appropriate measures can be taken, the use of health-related technologies in professional life may be facilitated and service quality improved. From this perspective, it is necessary to directly measure students’ technology-related anxiety before their professional careers. This study aims to adapt the Abbreviated Technology Anxiety Scale to Turkish culture among nursing students.
METHODS: This methodological study was conducted with 274 nursing students. Language, content, construct, and criterion-related validity analyses were performed. Reliability was assessed using internal consistency coefficients, item–total correlations, lower–upper 27% group analyses, and test–retest reliability (n=184).
RESULTS: Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure, differing from the original scale, explaining 55.67% of the total variance across 11 items. The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the scale was 0.87. Differences between the lower and upper 27% groups were significant for all items. High and positive correlations were found between subscale totals and total scale scores obtained from the first and second administrations. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated a good model fit.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The 11-item, two-factor Abbreviated Technology Anxiety Scale obtained through this adaptation study is a valid and reliable measurement tool for use in Turkish culture.

4. Social distance and related factors of nurses working in non-psychiatric clinics toward individuals diagnosed with mental disorders
Selda Polat, Burcu Ceylan
doi: 10.14744/phd.2025.76736  Pages 302 - 311
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to determine the level of social distancing among nurses working in non-psychiatric clinics toward individuals diagnosed with mental disorders and the associated factors.
METHODS: The study was conducted using a descriptive and correlational research design. Data were obtained from 217 nurses working in non-psychiatric clinics. Data were collected using an individual information form and the ‘social distance scale,’ which includes two separate scenarios regarding anxiety and schizophrenia diagnoses. The SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences for Windows 22.0) and AMOS programs were used in the data analysis.
RESULTS: The social distance score was found to be 3.86±1.75 for the anxiety disorder case and 5.98±1.36 for the schizophrenia case. In both cases, the statement “Suppose that you have a sister. Would it bother you if your sister wanted to marry this person?” had the highest mean score. It was found that nurses most frequently reported the emotion of ‘compassion’ toward the anxiety disorder case and ‘unhealthiness and fear’ toward the schizophrenia case.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: According to the study findings, it can be stated that nurses working in non-psychiatric clinics have higher levels of social distance toward people diagnosed with schizophrenia compared to those diagnosed with anxiety disorder. Therefore, training programs aimed at reducing social distance can be organized for nurses who also provide care to people with mental disorders in the clinics where they work.

5. Adversity quotient level and its relationship with nurse burnout
Jebul Suroso, Savira Yahya Azzahra, Agus Santosa
doi: 10.14744/phd.2025.69345  Pages 312 - 316
INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to determine the relationship between adversity quotient (AQ) and nurse burnout in a clinical setting, addressing the need for psychological resilience strategies in nursing practice.
METHODS: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted among 102 nurses working in inpatient wards at a public hospital in Central Java, Indonesia. Data were collected using the Adversity Response Profile (ARP) to assess AQ and the Burnout Syndrome Assessment Scale for Nurses to measure burnout levels. Spearman rank correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between the two variables.
RESULTS: The majority of nurses had low AQ levels (43.1%) and experienced severe burnout (41.2%). A significant negative correlation was found between AQ and burnout (r=-0.775, p<0.0001), indicating that higher AQ was associated with lower levels of nurse burnout.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: AQ plays a protective role against nurse burnout. Enhancing AQ through structured interventions may help reduce emotional exhaustion and improve psychological well-being in demanding healthcare environments. Further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of AQ-based training in clinical settings.

6. Mindfulness meditation interventions of varying lengths on women's anxiety levels
Gizem Nur Aktürk, Ersin Yavas
doi: 10.14744/phd.2025.39225  Pages 317 - 327
INTRODUCTION: Meditation enhances mental health and helps manage stress and anxiety. Regular meditation sessions can increase tranquility, mental clarity, and emotional resilience. However, the optimal duration for mindfulness meditation needs further investigation. This study examined the impact of a 5-stage mindfulness meditation program, administered for varying durations, on anxiety levels in women without psychiatric diagnoses.
METHODS: Twenty-five volunteer participants were enrolled and divided into three groups: two experimental groups, which engaged in mindfulness meditation for either 10 minutes or 20 minutes, and a control group that did not meditate. The meditation sessions were conducted over an 8-week period using both a licensed trainer and recorded guidance. Various measures were administered to all groups to assess the outcomes.
RESULTS: Both 10-minute and 20-minute meditation interventions were effective compared to pre-intervention. While post-intervention anxiety scores did not significantly differ between the 10-minute and 20-minute groups, both experimental groups exhibited significantly reduced anxiety levels compared to the control group. Similarly, perceived stress scores showed significant reductions in both meditation groups compared to the control group, with no significant differences between the 10-minute and 20-minute groups. Mindfulness scores and intolerance of uncertainty scores did not significantly differ between the meditation groups and the control group post-meditation.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This research is expected to contribute to the understanding of the varying effects of different time durations of 5-stage mindfulness meditation on stress-induced anxiety in women. The findings could lead to more accessible and practical mental health interventions, especially for women with limited time and resources.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
7. Enhancing critical thinking skills and patient care outcome through simulated mental health nursing training among baccalaureate nursing students
Jasna T., Usha Marath
doi: 10.14744/phd.2025.27048  Pages 328 - 337
INTRODUCTION: The link between theoretical knowledge and practical application in nursing education requires innovative methods to teach crucial skills to future nurses. This review outlines a framework emphasizing simulated training in mental health nursing and aims to consolidate findings on the significance of this training for nursing students globally.
METHODS: This review utilized five major databases: Scopus, ProQuest Medical Library Database, CINAHL Database via EBSCO Host, PubMed, and Web of Science. Papers related to simulated mental health nursing training for baccalaureate nursing students were searched using specific keywords such as simulated mental health nursing, learning mental illness through simulation, mental health nursing through simulation, and simulation in psychiatric nursing. From the results, papers containing one or more of these keywords within titles, abstracts, or keyword sections were identified.
RESULTS: Research indicates that simulated mental health nursing training decreases students' anxiety and enhances their confidence, ultimately resulting in improved patient care. The study emphasizes how simulated mental health nursing training can improve nursing outcomes and patient care by aligning with learners' cognitive abilities and evaluation methods.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Simulating mental health nursing enhances the knowledge and skills of nursing students, supporting the development of crucial competencies by linking theory to practice. These simulations serve as an effective educational strategy to address challenges in learning mental health nursing. Simulated mental health nursing training strengthens nursing students’ confidence, reduces anxiety, improves their knowledge and skills, and contributes to better patient care outcomes.

8. A review of nursing research on delirium: The sample of Türkiye; systematic review
Neslihan Sarı, Meryem Yavuz Van Giersbergen
doi: 10.14744/phd.2025.16023  Pages 338 - 345
INTRODUCTION: This study aims to explore research conducted by nurses in Türkiye on delirium, as documented in national and international nursing literature, and to present the findings.
METHODS: A systematic search was conducted for articles published between 2012 and 2023 that focused on delirium and were authored by nurses in Türkiye. Searches were conducted in both Turkish and English using relevant keywords, and the PRISMA 2020 Checklist criteria were applied to evaluate reporting quality.
RESULTS: Twenty-three articles meeting the inclusion criteria were identified, categorized into two main themes: studies involving nurses and those involving patients. Of these, 16 were published in international journals and 7 in Turkish nursing journals. The studies covered various aspects, including the level of nurses' knowledge about delirium and its management, as well as patient-focused research conducted in intensive care settings.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: This review provides a comprehensive overview of nursing research on delirium in Türkiye, serving as a valuable resource for future investigations in this field. It is anticipated that these findings will contribute to the development of a robust database to inform and guide further research endeavors.

9. Stigma perceptions and associated factors among caregivers of individuals with dementia: A systematic review of quantitative studies
Elçin Yorulmaz
doi: 10.14744/phd.2025.35336  Pages 346 - 358
INTRODUCTION: This systematic review aims to investigate studies on stigma perceptions and associated factors among caregivers of individuals diagnosed with dementia (IWD).
METHODS: Studies published between January 2000 and July 2024 were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and EBSCO. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were fol-lowed for the search and review process. A total of 933 studies were identified through database searching, and 12 studies were included in this review, comprising 3,467 participants. A narrative synthesis was used to describe the included studies in terms of year, title, country, aim, participants, caregivers’ relationship to the individual diagnosed with dementia, type of dementia, data collection methods, scales used, research design, analytical methods, and research findings.
RESULTS: The findings indicated that stigma is associated with caregiver burden, emotional expressiveness, quality of life, anxiety, and psychological well-being. Regarding demographic variables, gender, age, education level, closeness to the individual diagnosed with dementia, and income level were found to be associated with stigma. For individuals with dementia, having frontotemporal dementia, a longer duration of dementia, and the presence of behavioral symptoms were associated with higher levels of stigma. It was also observed that caregivers taking breaks during caregiving had negative effects in terms of stigma.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that stigma is a multifaceted phenomenon influenced by both individual and contextual factors. Addressing stigma through targeted interventions, awareness campaigns, and culturally sensitive strategies is essential to improve caregivers’ mental well-being and strengthen support systems. Future research would benefit from focusing on longitudinal and intervention studies to better understand the development of stigma over time and to design effective approaches to mitigate its impact.

10. Unveiling the predisposing factors of stigma towards individuals with mental disorders: A scoping review
Ibrahim Rahmat, Ni Made Merlin, Arista Maisyaroh
doi: 10.14744/phd.2025.63549  Pages 359 - 367
INTRODUCTION: The issue of stigma related to mental disorders has increasingly become a global concern, despite significant improvements in mental health treatment and services. However, reductions in stigma associated with mental disorders have not kept pace with these advancements. Stigma refers to a negative label assigned to individuals, which may lead to their isolation from other social groups. This study aims to identify the predisposing factors that influence stigma toward individuals with mental disorders.
METHODS: A scoping review approach was used to identify various factors influencing the emergence of stigma, from both the perspective of individuals experiencing stigma and their social environments.
RESULTS: Based on the analysis of published studies, several key factors were identified, including demographic characteristics, disease-related factors, culture, education level, and family support, all of which play significant roles in either exacerbating or reducing stigma.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The findings of this study provide deeper insight into the factors that should be addressed to reduce stigma related to mental disorders.

OTHER
11. Reviewer List

Page 368
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