J Psy Nurs. 2018; 9(1): 45-54 | DOI: 10.14744/phd.2017.79663

Three phases of cancer in the process of mental trauma: Diagnosis, treatment, survival

Perihan Güner¹, Vedat Þar², Tuðba Pehlivan^3
1Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Koç University Faculty of Nursing, Ýstanbul, Turkey
²Department of Psychiatry, Koç University Faculty of Medicine, Ýstanbul, Turkey
³Educator Nurse, Koç University Hospital, Ýstanbul, Turkey

INTRODUCTION: Cancer tends to trigger a psychological response that represents a form of traumatic stress. Regardless of the nature of the noxious agent, therapeutic interventions conducted for the treatment of any post-traumatic reaction must take into consideration the tri-phasic structure of adaptation (i.e. shock, mourning and integration) in defining a balanced response to a vital threat. This paper aims to gather evidence on the psychosocial dimension of cancer by applying a three-phase approach model.
METHODS: To fulfill the stated aim, systematic reviews and meta-analyses on non-experimental studies published in the last 15 years were screened using the following databases: CINAHL, Pubmed, Cochrane, Joanna Briggs Institute, Ulakbim, and Google Scholar. Overall, 33 reviews met the inclusion criteria.
RESULTS: The obtained data, which included findings on different types of cancer and different psychiatric reactions, disclose the presence of a psychological trauma process that occurs in response to physical illness.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The mental trauma process was studied and is discussed in three phases, namely, diagnosis, treatment and post-treatment.

Keywords: Cancer, non-experimental studies; psycho-oncology; psychological trauma.

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Kanserin ruhsal travma sürecinde üç evre: Taný, tedavi, saðkalým

Perihan Güner¹, Vedat Þar², Tuðba Pehlivan^3
1Koç Üniversitesi Hemþirelik Fakültesi, Ýstanbul
²Koç Üniversitesi Týp Fakültesi, Ýstanbul
³Koç Üniversitesi Hastanesi, Ýstanbul

GÝRÝÞ ve AMAÇ: Kanser; genellikle travmatik stresi temsil eden psikolojik yanýtý tetikler. Zararlý maddenin doðasýna bakýlmaksýzýn, herhangi bir travma sonrasý reaksiyona yönelik terapötik müdahaleler, hayati bir tehdite yönelik uyumu tanýmlamada trifazik bir yapý olarak düþünülmelidir: þok, yas ve entegrasyon. Bu yazýda; kanserin psikososyal boyutu ile ilgili üç fazlý bir yaklaþým modeli ile kanýt elde edilmesi amaçlanmaktadýr.
YÖNTEM ve GEREÇLER: Bu amaçla, son 15 yýldaki giriþimsel olmayan araþtýrmalara iliþkin sistematik derleme ve metaanalizler CINAHL, Pubmed, Cochrane, Joanna Briggs Institute veri tabanlarý, Ulakbim Türk Týp Dizini ve Google Akademik kullanýlarak taranmýþ ve eriþilen 33 sistematik derleme incelenmiþtir.
BULGULAR: Elde edilen veriler, farklý kanser türlerindeki bulgular ve tanýmlanan deðiþik ruhsal tepkiler fiziksel hastalýða tepki olarak ortaya çýkan bir ruhsal travma sürecine iþaret etmektedir.
TARTIÞMA ve SONUÇ: Ruhsal travma süreci taný, tedavi ve tedavi sonrasý dönem olmak üzere, üç evrede incelenmiþ ve bu doðrultuda tartýþýlmýþtýr.

Anahtar Kelimeler: Kanser, giriþimsel olmayan çalýþmalar, ruhsal travma

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